Good Trading Practices
What steps can be taken in the short and long term to support good trading practices
in Bangladesh and to protect both parties interests under cotton contracts

Derek A. Tanner



It was indeed an honor to be asked, along with my colleague Mr. Andrew Macdonald, to present at the June workshops in Dhaka which were organized and sponsored by Royal Inspection International and provided an excellent forum to discuss various issues relating to the cotton trade today in Bangladesh.

Open opinions on contractual terms and conditions and the application of I.C.A. Bylaws and Rules were exchanged which afforded an opportunity, not only to all sectors of the local market, but also for the presenters to obtain an understanding of the various issues and areas of concern within the local trade and to discuss what remedies may be available.

From the supportive comments received many perceptions of the I.C.A. Rules were addressed at the sessions with a close scrutiny to the detail contained within contract terms and conditions applying to the import of cotton into Bangladesh today.

What is the short and long term solution to promote good trading practice?

There is a clear necessity for parties to a contract to hold a full understanding of the rules and to ensure all contacts represent the terms and conditions on which they have agreed to be bound.

It is not uncommon to witness problems arising from initial and relatively minor misunderstandings which could, if properly addressed, be resolved without incurring further proceedings.

Not only does clarity play an important role but care should be taken to ensure there are no omissions in any specific contract term or condition which may later impact on performance. Expressions that are unclear along with a general lack of consideration to detail are a major culprit and therefore a cause of disputes and wherever possible should obviously be avoided.

A clear understanding of the application of specific rules (and associated bylaws) is essential to protect the parties' self-interests along with recognition of the general principle that ambiguity should be avoided at all cost in not only contract documents but also communications as this will better support the principle of sanctity of contract.

Consultation is important but what is imperative is the parties hold adequate knowledge to address any technical issues that may arise from time to time.

In the short term dedication to detail is essential and access to knowledge is required to address any perceived imbalance of understanding of those rules, terms or conditions applicable to contracts. It is likewise important that a proactive response and consultation is taken at the time any perceived anomaly or problem is identified.

A level playing field with both parties holding an equal knowledge of the 'game' or 'club' rules will assist in addressing these issues although it is understood no contract party wishes to spend time on dispute resolution and therefore consultation may be necessary at an early stage to address any issue in a cost effective manner.

The I.C.A. Bylaws and Rules were created to assist the trade in raw cotton and have been adjusted over the years to adopt to changes in the trade and are impartial to both parties. These rules however are only intended as a tool and may, with the mutual consent of the parties, be adapted to meet any specific requirements of the parties under a contract.

Tradition dictates that most contracts in Bangladesh are transacted through a local indenter. It is obvious any employed agent must hold a clear understanding of the rules that may apply to a contact they are negotiating or performance they are handling on behalf of their respective party's.

It was rewarding, not only from the viewpoint of the presenters, but also I am sure from the growing number of mill clients in Bangladesh, to see such a strong support and attendance from this sector at the workshops as any problems or issues should be addressed by the indenter at the initial stage of negotiation or the time of the event when the parties construct their obligations or negotiate any amendment.
 
To avoid ambiguity all agreements, amendments and directions should be evidenced in writing, wherever possible and within a short period of time following the event.

All negotiations should be well documented and the principle of contract signing be adopted by the parties and where negotiations take place by phone such exchanges and agreements should be confirmed in writing in a timely fashion to ensure both parties have adequate opportunity to address any anomalies that may exist from time to time.

From the comments received I consider it would be supportive to hold annual seminars/workshops to allow a regular forum for exchange of views and where necessary to seek clarification on any contract or performance related matters as this would obviously support the concept of good trading practice in Bangladesh and to this end it may be considered beneficial for international presenters to be invited to supply their International perspective and viewpoint.

The continuing involvement of representative trade bodies in actively supporting sanctity of contract and good trading practices is essential taking the lead in promoting a clear understanding and knowledge of the trade terms and conditions on which a majority of their members are regularly transacting business.

I consider this to be fundamental for any market but specifically when considering the expansive market in Bangladesh today with an increasing number of members.

We never stop learning in life and the same principle obviously applies to our trade in raw cotton, it is essential therefore that the parties to a contract are open to understanding and to any changes affecting the market working closely with our partners addressing any areas of concern at an early stage.

From this point we can therefore proceed forward and promote those mechanisms essential to sustain the concept of good trading practice in our cotton business transactions.
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